Guitar is very famous musical instrument, used in various types of music styles. In early days guitar was known as Sitara. The modified word guitar was adopted into English from Spanish guitarra. Normally guitar has six strings. In market we can also get four, seven, eight, ten, twelve string guitars. Luthiers do create and repair guitars. Luthier is person who makes and repairs guitar. There are lot many types of string instruments which consist both historic and modern types.

There are some examples given below: Guitar, Veena, Sitar, Banjo, Harp, Kithara, Mandolin, Autoharp, Archlute, Bandura, Cittern, Dulcimer, Charango, etc.

Luthier Antonio Torres Jurado of Spain , is know for the development classical guitar which still in use today. And secondly Christian Frederick Martin of Germany is man who added form which subsequently developed into the steel-string acoustic guitar. American luthier Orville Gibson concentrated in mandolins and created the archtop guitar. In 20th century John D'Angelico and Jimmy D'Aquisto were the two people worked whole heartedly with archtop guitars. At the same time with Fender's work, solid body electric guitar was brought up individually by guitarist Les Paul.

Friedrich Gretsch founded a Banjo company. He carry forwarded his work with his son and grand son, Fred & Fred Jr. Today this company is popular for Electric Guitar. Two Australian brother and Luthier Bill and Reg May launched company known as Maton where they produce acoustic guitars.

Guitar can be divided in two major parts:

Acoustic Guitar:

An acoustic guitar is independent device. Acoustic amplification is created because of its shape and resonance. So there is no need of external device to create acoustic amplification. But the problem is that it cannot compete with other instruments generally found in orchestras and bands, in terms of utter audible volume.

In this there are some sub categories of guitars, such as "folk" guitar, steel string guitars, recent model is acoustic bass guitar which is similar to electric bass tuning.

Electric Guitar:

Near about all electric guitars are made from wood with a plastic pick guard. Boards are ample wide to play as a solid body is very much costly. Electric guitars bodies are created of two parts of wood. There is seam running down the center line of the guitar. Basswood, Mahogany, Maple, Ash, Alder, and Poplar woods are used largely to construct the electric guitar body.

Without amplification Electric guitars can have hollow bodies, semi-hollow, or solid, and produce little sound. The tune is consistently change by other electronic devices. The vibration of the steel strings is converted into electrical signals which are connected to an amplifier through Radio transmitter or cable. In jazz, blues and rock and roll, electric guitar is very much essential. Gibson commercialized guitar together with Les Paul. The creation of Ibanez Jem's seven strings was famous in late 80's and 90's. Seven string was popular in early Jazz. These days seven string is popular in Rock Music so that the much darker sound is achieved through extending the lower end of the guitar's range. And this was popularized bi Vai. Acoustic and Electric guitars are hybrids are very much common.

Acoustic guitar's engineered elements are often of constructed of tonewood like mahogany, red cedar or spruce. The sound board or top is finished so nicely. Mostly due the vibration of guitars top the sound is produced. In those days Torres, Hauser, Ramirez, Fleta, and C.F. Martin were the most influential designers. and they used various patterns of wood bracing. The back side of acoustic guitar made out of tone woods such as Indian Rosewood, Mahogany, Brazilian Rosewood etc. There is sound whole to acoustic guitar which usually in the top and acts as a resonating chamber. As the guitar top is vibrated by the strings, the air inside the guitar vibrates.